Research

 

 

 

 


Main topics - Diagram 2006-2009 (PDF)

Language

Metacognition

Culture & Cognition



 
   
 
   
 

 

 

Main topics



a. LANGUAGE

Language and discourse are studied at Institut Jean Nicod from three main perspectives, corresponding to three different disciplines or groups of disciplines: linguistics, philosophy of language, and (to a lesser extent) psychology. Though distinct, these disciplines interact, especially when they cooperate in exploring a common field. At Institut Jean-Nicod, there is one particular area that has been at the forefront of attention in all the disciplines concerned with language and provides a common ground: the role of pragmatic factors in linguistic understanding.

Sites Web

- SIGMA : Structures and Interprétations: Grammaire, Modèles et Analyses

- Euryi Grant Presupposition: A Formal Pragmatic Approach, Euryi Grant from the European Science Foundation (P. Schlenker)

- CPR : Contexte-Dependence, Perspective and Relativity

- ERC Advanced Grant "Context, Content and Compositionality

- GENIUS : Genericity Interpretation and Uses

- VAGUENESS : Cognitive Origins of Vagueness.

- GDR 2521 : Sémantique et Modélisation

 



b.
METACOGNITION

The term ‘metacognition’ refers to the kind of self-knowledge that e.g. predict and evaluate one's cognitive abilities with respect to a given mental task, such as memorizing, planning, or reasoning. It also refers to the activity in which one performs epistemic self-appraisals in order to rationally allocate effort in learning, identify the sources of one's failures, and conduct efficient reasoning and planning. Appraisals are cognitive processes that allow an agent to compare a given observed outcome with the predicted one. Self-appraisals occur whenever one needs to know whether or not one's planned or executed action did or will attain its goal. Epistemic self-appraisals are those assessments that concern properties of one's cognitive contents such as veridicality (in the case of perception), accuracy or truth (in belief, memory, judgment etc.), soundness and relevance (in the case of reasoning). Epistemic feelings are felt (or experienced) signals carrying information about one’s ability to remember, perceive, or perform a given mental task, prior to exercising this ability. They are also involved in retrospectively evaluating one’s mental performance: a feeling of error, for example, helps detecting one’s own mistakes in the course of a computation. Located at the interface between unconsciously processed cues and conscious self-awareness, these signals play a crucial role in epistemic self-guidance, and constitute a precondition for epistemic control.

Researchers at Jean-Nicod study various aspects of metacognition, such as :

o the influence of self-confidence on decision, performance and belief,
o the conceptual relations between metacognition, epistemic norms and mental actions,
o the nature and justificatory status of epistemic feelings, and, more generally, the epistemological import of metacognitive processes and outcomes,
o the role of trust and fairness in social economics,
o the characteristics of animal metacognition,
o the impairments of metacognition in schizophrenia and autism,
o The division of epistemic norms, in religious cognition,
o The contrast between control-based and monitoring-based feedback in metaperception.



Sites Web

- KNOWJUST : Connaissance, Metacognition et Modes de justification

- MPSC : Metacognition as a precursor to self-consciousness

- ANR Confidence

- APIC



c. COGNITION SOCIALE


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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